Harmonic minor is where the raised leading tone starts to expose how much conventional naming expands. SingLet keeps the altered spelling compact while still preserving the exact note identity.
Harmonic minor formula
W-H-W-W-H-A2-H
Harmonic minor raises the seventh scale degree. Its interval pattern is whole, half, whole, whole, half, augmented second, half. That larger gap between the sixth and seventh degrees is part of the sound that makes harmonic minor distinctive.
15 Harmonic Minor Scales
Harmonic minor raises the seventh scale degree, keeping the minor tonic while sharpening the leading tone toward the octave.
1. Center
A harmonic minor keeps the center position but raises G to G♯ as the leading tone.
A Harmonic Minor
0♯·0♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
A
B
C
D
E
F
G♯
A
Normal
A
B
C
D
E
F
G sharp
A
Traditional Fixed-Do
La
Si
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol*
La
Hybrid Fixed-Do
La
Ti
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Si
La
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
A
B
C
D
E
Fi
Gah
A
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗ABCDEFG♯A↘AG♯FEDCBA
SingLets:↗A B C D E Fi Gah A↘A Gah Fi E D C B A
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2. Clockwise / Sharp Side
On the sharp side, harmonic minor keeps the key signature and raises only the seventh degree in E harmonic minor, B harmonic minor, F♯ harmonic minor, C♯ harmonic minor, G♯ harmonic minor, D♯ harmonic minor, and A♯ harmonic minor.
E Harmonic Minor
1♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
E
F♯
G
A
B
C
D♯
E
Normal
E
F sharp
G
A
B
C
D sharp
E
Traditional Fixed-Do
Mi
Fa*
Sol
La
Si
Do
Re*
Mi
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Mi
Fi
Sol
La
Ti
Do
Ri
Mi
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
E
Fah
G
A
B
C
Dah
E
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗EF♯GABCD♯E↘ED♯CBAGF♯E
SingLets:↗E Fah G A B C Dah E↘E Dah C B A G Fah E
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* For singing comfort, this piano preview sounds one octave lower than the staff notation.
B Harmonic Minor
2♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
B
C♯
D
E
F♯
G
A♯
B
Normal
B
C sharp
D
E
F sharp
G
A sharp
B
Traditional Fixed-Do
Si
Do*
Re
Mi
Fa*
Sol
La*
Si
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Ti
Di
Re
Mi
Fi
Sol
Li
Ti
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
B
Cah
D
E
Fah
G
Ah
B
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗BC♯DEF♯GA♯B↘BA♯GF♯EDC♯B
SingLets:↗B Cah D E Fah G Ah B↘B Ah G Fah E D Cah B
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Continue reading Clockwise / Sharp Side
F♯ Harmonic Minor
3♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
F♯
G♯
A
B
C♯
D
E♯
F♯
Normal
F sharp
G sharp
A
B
C sharp
D
E sharp
F sharp
Traditional Fixed-Do
Fa*
Sol*
La
Si
Do*
Re
Mi*
Fa*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Fi
Si
La
Ti
Di
Re
Fa
Fi
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Fah
Gah
A
B
Cah
D
Eah
Fah
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗F♯G♯ABC♯DE♯F♯↘F♯E♯DC♯BAG♯F♯
SingLets:↗Fah Gah A B Cah D Eah Fah↘Fah Eah D Cah B A Gah Fah
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C♯ Harmonic Minor
4♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
C♯
D♯
E
F♯
G♯
A
B♯
C♯
Normal
C sharp
D sharp
E
F sharp
G sharp
A
B sharp
C sharp
Traditional Fixed-Do
Do*
Re*
Mi
Fa*
Sol*
La
Si*
Do*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Di
Ri
Mi
Fi
Si
La
Do
Di
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Cah
Dah
E
Fah
Gah
A
Bah
Cah
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗C♯D♯EF♯G♯AB♯C♯↘C♯B♯AG♯F♯ED♯C♯
SingLets:↗Cah Dah E Fah Gah A Bah Cah↘Cah Bah A Gah Fah E Dah Cah
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G♯ Harmonic Minor
5♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
G♯
A♯
B
C♯
D♯
E
F♯♯
G♯
Normal
G sharp
A sharp
B
C sharp
D sharp
E
F double sharp
G sharp
Traditional Fixed-Do
Sol*
La*
Si
Do*
Re*
Mi
Fa*
Sol*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Si
Li
Ti
Di
Ri
Mi
Sol
Si
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Gah
Ah
B
Cah
Dah
E
Faw
Gah
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗G♯A♯BC♯D♯EF♯♯G♯↘G♯F♯♯ED♯C♯BA♯G♯
SingLets:↗Gah Ah B Cah Dah E Faw Gah↘Gah Faw E Dah Cah B Ah Gah
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D♯ Harmonic Minor
6♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
D♯
E♯
F♯
G♯
A♯
B
C♯♯
D♯
Normal
D sharp
E sharp
F sharp
G sharp
A sharp
B
C double sharp
D sharp
Traditional Fixed-Do
Re*
Mi*
Fa*
Sol*
La*
Si
Do*
Re*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Ri
Fa
Fi
Si
Li
Ti
Re
Ri
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Dah
Eah
Fah
Gah
Ah
B
Caw
Dah
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗D♯E♯F♯G♯A♯BC♯♯D♯↘D♯C♯♯BA♯G♯F♯E♯D♯
SingLets:↗Dah Eah Fah Gah Ah B Caw Dah↘Dah Caw B Ah Gah Fah Eah Dah
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A♯ Harmonic Minor
7♯
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
A♯
B♯
C♯
D♯
E♯
F♯
G♯♯
A♯
Normal
A sharp
B sharp
C sharp
D sharp
E sharp
F sharp
G double sharp
A sharp
Traditional Fixed-Do
La*
Si*
Do*
Re*
Mi*
Fa*
Sol*
La*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Li
Do
Di
Ri
Fa
Fi
La
Li
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Ah
Bah
Cah
Dah
Eah
Fah
Gaw
Ah
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
On the flat side, the same raised-seventh logic often cancels a flat or creates a natural note spelling in D harmonic minor, G harmonic minor, C harmonic minor, F harmonic minor, B♭ harmonic minor, E♭ harmonic minor, and A♭ harmonic minor.
D Harmonic Minor
1♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
D
E
F
G
A
B♭
C♯
D
Normal
D
E
F
G
A
B flat
C sharp
D
Traditional Fixed-Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Si*
Do*
Re
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Te
Di
Re
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
D
E
Fi
G
A
Beh
Cah
D
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗DEFGAB♭C♯D↘DC♯B♭AGFED
SingLets:↗D E Fi G A Beh Cah D↘D Cah Beh A G Fi E D
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G Harmonic Minor
2♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
G
A
B♭
C
D
E♭
F♯
G
Normal
G
A
B flat
C
D
E flat
F sharp
G
Traditional Fixed-Do
Sol
La
Si*
Do
Re
Mi*
Fa*
Sol
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Sol
La
Te
Do
Re
Me
Fi
Sol
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
G
A
Beh
C
D
Eeh
Fah
G
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗GAB♭CDE♭F♯G↘GF♯E♭DCB♭AG
SingLets:↗G A Beh C D Eeh Fah G↘G Fah Eeh D C Beh A G
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Continue reading Anticlockwise / Flat Side
C Harmonic Minor
3♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
C
D
E♭
F
G
A♭
B
C
Normal
C
D
E flat
F
G
A flat
B
C
Traditional Fixed-Do
Do
Re
Mi*
Fa
Sol
La*
Si
Do
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Do
Re
Me
Fa
Sol
Le
Ti
Do
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
C
D
Eeh
Fi
G
Aeh
B
C
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗CDE♭FGA♭BC↘CBA♭GFE♭DC
SingLets:↗C D Eeh Fi G Aeh B C↘C B Aeh G Fi Eeh D C
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F Harmonic Minor
4♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
F
G
A♭
B♭
C
D♭
E
F
Normal
F
G
A flat
B flat
C
D flat
E
F
Traditional Fixed-Do
Fa
Sol
La*
Si*
Do
Re*
Mi
Fa
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Fa
Sol
Le
Te
Do
Ra
Mi
Fa
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Fi
G
Aeh
Beh
C
Deh
E
Fi
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗FGA♭B♭CD♭EF↘FED♭CB♭A♭GF
SingLets:↗Fi G Aeh Beh C Deh E Fi↘Fi E Deh C Beh Aeh G Fi
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B♭ Harmonic Minor
5♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
B♭
C
D♭
E♭
F
G♭
A
B♭
Normal
B flat
C
D flat
E flat
F
G flat
A
B flat
Traditional Fixed-Do
Si*
Do
Re*
Mi*
Fa
Sol*
La
Si*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Te
Do
Ra
Me
Fa
Se
La
Te
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Beh
C
Deh
Eeh
Fi
Geh
A
Beh
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗B♭CD♭E♭FG♭AB♭↘B♭AG♭FE♭D♭CB♭
SingLets:↗Beh C Deh Eeh Fi Geh A Beh↘Beh A Geh Fi Eeh Deh C Beh
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E♭ Harmonic Minor
6♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
E♭
F
G♭
A♭
B♭
C♭
D
E♭
Normal
E flat
F
G flat
A flat
B flat
C flat
D
E flat
Traditional Fixed-Do
Mi*
Fa
Sol*
La*
Si*
Do*
Re
Mi*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Me
Fa
Se
Le
Te
Ti
Re
Me
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Eeh
Fi
Geh
Aeh
Beh
Ceh
D
Eeh
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗E♭FG♭A♭B♭C♭DE♭↘E♭DC♭B♭A♭G♭FE♭
SingLets:↗Eeh Fi Geh Aeh Beh Ceh D Eeh↘Eeh D Ceh Beh Aeh Geh Fi Eeh
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A♭ Harmonic Minor
7♭
Degree
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
A♭
B♭
C♭
D♭
E♭
F♭
G
A♭
Normal
A flat
B flat
C flat
D flat
E flat
F flat
G
A flat
Traditional Fixed-Do
La*
Si*
Do*
Re*
Mi*
Fa*
Sol
La*
Hybrid Fixed-Do
Le
Te
Ti
Ra
Me
Mi
Sol
Le
Movable-Do
Do
Re
Mi
Fa
Sol
La
Ti
Do
SingLet
Aeh
Beh
Ceh
Deh
Eeh
Feh
G
Aeh
* In the Traditional Fixed-Do system, accidentals keep the natural syllable names; these syllables are sung at their notated pitches.
Notes:↗A♭B♭C♭D♭E♭F♭GA♭↘A♭GF♭E♭D♭C♭B♭A♭
SingLets:↗Aeh Beh Ceh Deh Eeh Feh G Aeh↘Aeh G Feh Eeh Deh Ceh Beh Aeh
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The 3 Enharmonic Harmonic-Minor Pairs
G♯ Minor / A♭ Minor
These harmonic-minor pairings keep the same sounding keys side by side while preserving the different raised leading tones and spellings each notation system shows.
G♯ Harmonic Minor
5♯
Deg.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
G♯
A♯
B
C♯
D♯
E
F♯♯
G♯
SingLet
Gah
Ah
B
Cah
Dah
E
Faw
Gah
Notes:G♯A♯BC♯D♯EF♯♯G♯|G♯F♯♯ED♯C♯BA♯G♯
SingLets: Gah Ah B Cah Dah E Faw Gah|Gah Faw E Dah Cah B Ah Gah
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A♭ Harmonic Minor
7♭
Deg.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
A♭
B♭
C♭
D♭
E♭
F♭
G
A♭
SingLet
Aeh
Beh
Ceh
Deh
Eeh
Feh
G
Aeh
Notes:A♭B♭C♭D♭E♭F♭GA♭|A♭GF♭E♭D♭C♭B♭A♭
SingLets: Aeh Beh Ceh Deh Eeh Feh G Aeh|Aeh G Feh Eeh Deh Ceh Beh Aeh
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Continue reading enharmonic pairs
The 3 Enharmonic Harmonic-Minor Pairs
D♯ Minor / E♭ Minor
These harmonic-minor pairings keep the same sounding keys side by side while preserving the different raised leading tones and spellings each notation system shows.
D♯ Harmonic Minor
6♯
Deg.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
D♯
E♯
F♯
G♯
A♯
B
C♯♯
D♯
SingLet
Dah
Eah
Fah
Gah
Ah
B
Caw
Dah
Notes:D♯E♯F♯G♯A♯BC♯♯D♯|D♯C♯♯BA♯G♯F♯E♯D♯
SingLets: Dah Eah Fah Gah Ah B Caw Dah|Dah Caw B Ah Gah Fah Eah Dah
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E♭ Harmonic Minor
6♭
Deg.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Note
E♭
F
G♭
A♭
B♭
C♭
D
E♭
SingLet
Eeh
Fi
Geh
Aeh
Beh
Ceh
D
Eeh
Notes:E♭FG♭A♭B♭C♭DE♭|E♭DC♭B♭A♭G♭FE♭
SingLets: Eeh Fi Geh Aeh Beh Ceh D Eeh|Eeh D Ceh Beh Aeh Geh Fi Eeh
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The 3 Enharmonic Harmonic-Minor Pairs
A♯ Minor / B♭ Minor
These harmonic-minor pairings keep the same sounding keys side by side while preserving the different raised leading tones and spellings each notation system shows.